@MastersThesis{Martini:2015:IdÁrPo,
author = "Martini, Denise Zanatta",
title = "Identifica{\c{c}}{\~a}o de {\'a}reas potencialmente
dispon{\'{\i}}veis para expans{\~a}o agr{\'{\i}}cola no bioma
Amaz{\^o}nia a partir de produtos de sensoriamento remoto e
t{\'e}cnicas de geoprocessamento",
school = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)",
year = "2015",
address = "S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos",
month = "2015-03-13",
keywords = "expans{\~a}o agr{\'{\i}}cola, bioma Amaz{\^o}nia,
geotecnologias, sensoriamento remoto, agricultural expansion,
Amazon biome, geotechnologies, remote sensing.",
abstract = "A demanda global por alimentos, fibras e biocombust{\'{\i}}veis
vem pressionando a agricultura e os recursos naturais {\`a}
medida que {\'a}reas para expans{\~a}o agr{\'{\i}}cola
t{\^e}m se tornado um recurso cada vez mais escasso em
v{\'a}rias regi{\~o}es do globo. Com {\'a}reas ainda pouco
exploradas ou subutilizadas, o Brasil {\'e} apontado como um dos
principais sorvedouros da demanda crescente por
\emph{commodities} agr{\'{\i}}colas projetada para as
pr{\'o}ximas d{\'e}cadas. Contudo, do ponto de vista legal,
agron{\^o}mico e ambiental, pouco se sabe sobre a real
disponibilidade e viabilidade de terras para expans{\~a}o
agr{\'{\i}}cola no pa{\'{\i}}s. Neste sentido, este trabalho
teve por objetivo localizar e quantificar {\'a}reas
potencialmente dispon{\'{\i}}veis para a expans{\~a}o
agr{\'{\i}}cola no bioma Amaz{\^o}nia, tomando como base
{\'a}reas florestais nativas legalmente dispon{\'{\i}}veis e
{\'a}reas de vegeta{\c{c}}{\~a}o secund{\'a}ria e pastagem
degradada com potencial produtivo favor{\'a}vel e livre de
qualquer conflito de uso. Este levantamento foi realizado com base
na integra{\c{c}}{\~a}o e an{\'a}lise de diferentes fatores
determinantes, compilados em ambiente SIG (Sistemas de
Informa{\c{c}}{\~a}o Geogr{\'a}fica) e manipulados a partir de
t{\'e}cnicas de Infer{\^e}ncia Booleana. Os resultados revelam
que 11,7\% (493.103,1 km\$^{2}\$) do bioma Amaz{\^o}nia
estaria potencialmente dispon{\'{\i}}vel para expans{\~a}o
agr{\'{\i}}cola no ano de 2010. Este estoque {\'e} formado
principalmente por {\'a}reas florestais (59,4\%), seguido por
{\'a}reas previamente convertidas (40,6\%) que juntas
correspondem a 75,9\% de toda a {\'a}rea cultivada no Brasil no
per{\'{\i}}odo avaliado. Contudo, o uso efetivo dessas
{\'a}reas teria implica{\c{c}}{\~o}es pol{\'{\i}}ticas e
ambientais diretas. Em primeiro lugar, a convers{\~a}o de
{\'a}reas florestais anularia as conquistas do Plano de
A{\c{c}}{\~a}o para Preven{\c{c}}{\~a}o e Controle do
Desmatamento na Amaz{\^o}nia (PPCDam), respons{\'a}vel pela
redu{\c{c}}{\~a}o de 79\% no desmatamento na regi{\~a}o em
rela{\c{c}}{\~a}o {\`a}s m{\'e}dias hist{\'o}ricas. Al{\'e}m
disso, a convers{\~a}o dessas {\'a}reas poderia resultar na
emiss{\~a}o de 13 \$\pm\$ 1 Pg CO\$_{2}\$ para a atmosfera,
que equivale ao total de emiss{\~o}es oriundas da mudan{\c{c}}a
da cobertura da terra registrada no Brasil no per{\'{\i}}odo
2000-2010. Portanto, para minimizar impactos ambientais, a
expans{\~a}o agr{\'{\i}}cola na Amaz{\^o}nia deveria ser
restrita a {\'a}reas j{\'a} convertidas. Estas {\'a}reas
totalizam cerca de 200.000 km\$^{2}\$ e poderiam suportar a
expans{\~a}o agr{\'{\i}}cola sem pressionar o avan{\c{c}}o do
desmatamento. A {\'a}rea destinada ao cultivo da soja, em
particular, poderia aumentar em 48\%, o que garantiria o
equilibro entre suprimento e demanda projetado para a pr{\'o}xima
d{\'e}cada. Contudo, o desenvolvimento pleno deste potencial
ainda depende de quest{\~o}es institucionais, como o
desenvolvimento de pol{\'{\i}}ticas de uso da terra consistentes
que estimulem a recupera{\c{c}}{\~a}o e reintrodu{\c{c}}{\~a}o
de terras abandonadas ou subutilizadas no setor agr{\'{\i}}cola.
Caso contr{\'a}rio, o desafio de harmonizar
conserva{\c{c}}{\~a}o ambiental e desenvolvimento
sustent{\'a}vel pode se revelar ut{\'o}pico. ABSTRACT: The
global demand for food, fiber and biofuels press agriculture and
natural resources as land for agricultural expansion become a
scarce resource in many regions around the world. With areas still
unexplored or underutilized, Brazil is appoint-out as one of the
major sinks for the growing demand of agricultural commodities
projected for coming decades. However, from a legal, agronomic and
environmental point of view, little is known on the real
availability and practicability of agricultural expansion in the
country. Thus, this study aimed to locate and quantify potentially
available lands for agricultural expansion in the Brazilian Amazon
taking into account legally available forests and previously
converted lands with suitable production capacity and free of any
land use conflict. This survey was undertaken based on the
integration and analysis of different driving factors, compiled in
GIS (Geographic Information System) and manipulated by Boolean
Inference techniques. The results show that 11.7\% (493,103.1
km\$^{2}\$) of the Brazilian Amazon would be potentially
available for agricultural expansion in 2010. This stock is mainly
formed by forest (59.4\%), followed by previously converted lands
(40.6\%) which together corresponds to 75.9\% of the total
cultivated area in Brazil during the evaluated period. However,
the effective usage of these areas would have direct political and
environmental implications. First, it is expected that effective
usage of available forests would detract recent achievements of
the Action Plan for Prevention and Control of Deforestation in the
Amazon (PPCDAm) that has reduced deforestation in 79\% from
historical rates. Moreover, the conversion of these areas could
result in a committed emission of 13\$\pm\$1 Pg CO\$_{2}\$ to
the atmosphere which is equivalent to the total emissions from
land cover change registered in Brazil during the 2000-2010
period. Therefore, to minimize environmental impacts, agricultural
expansion in the Brazilian Amazon should be restricted to areas
already converted. These lands amount up to 200,000 km\$^{2}\$
and could support agricultural expansion without pressing the
advance of deforestation. The area designated for the soy
cultivation, particularly, could increase 48\% which would ensure
equilibrium between supply and demand projected for the next
decade. However, to develop the full potential of these areas
still depends on institutional issues such as consistent land use
policies that encourage recovery and reintroduction of abandoned
or underused lands in the productive sector. Otherwise, the
challenge of harmonizing environmental conservation and
sustainable development may reveal itself utopian.",
committee = "Moreira, Maur{\'{\i}}cio Alves (presidente/orientador) and
Formaggio, Ant{\^o}nio Roberto and Arag{\~a}o, Luiz Eduardo
Oliveira e Cruz de and Batistella, Mateus",
copyholder = "SID/SCD",
englishtitle = "Identification of potentially available areas for agricultural
expansion in the amazon biome based on remote sensing products and
geoprocessing techniques",
language = "pt",
pages = "114",
ibi = "8JMKD3MGP3W34P/3HU9BNL",
url = "http://urlib.net/ibi/8JMKD3MGP3W34P/3HU9BNL",
targetfile = "publicacao.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "27 abr. 2024"
}